Since the MariaDB update to v10.11 the tool mysqldump can be used to backup!
Please use --dump-history to enforce all data is exported.
MariaDB is running in a container
In case your MariaDB is running in a container, your data is being stored in a data volume. Backup of a docker data volume can be easily done, see docker documentation: https://docs.docker.com/storage/volumes/#backup-restore-or-migrate-data-volumes
MariaDB is installed as normal service
In case you have MariaDB as normal linux process (not in a container) you will need to do backup in the most desirable form:
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Your IT provider has snapshots of the logic drive where DB is stored.
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You “manually” compress the whole directory where MariaDB stores your data.
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Data directory location is controlled by the datadir variable. Look at your
/etc/mysql/my.cnffile to see where your installation of MariaDB is configured to store data. The default is/var/lib/mysqlbut it is often changed, like for example if you are using a RAID array.
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You use an official tool that supports the proper backup of MariaDB data: https://mariadb.com/docs/recovery/mariadb-enterprise-backup/